There are several tests that can be done to help diagnose a patient with leukemia. The following three methods are the most common:
1. Physical examination - often used to check for lumps, abnormalities, or certain symptoms of leukemia that may be present in a patient. This test usually includes a thorough review of patient medical history, family history and risk factors that may be specific to the patient. After the review is complete, it is common blood tests to follow.
2. Blood tests - such as CBC (complete blood count) Testing for leukemia by determining the number of both red and white blood cells and platelets (small cells, round, thin the blood that help blood to stop derived from a section become thick and sticky), the number of red blood cells comprising the blood sample, and the amount of hemoglobin that is in the blood.
- A blood smear (a thin diffusion layer blood [stained] on a microscope slide, allowing the cells are examined under a microscope) to determine the presence of "bursts", revealing both the type and the number of white blood cells that exist, can also be used.
- Cytogenetic analysis of blood can be used to check for changes in the chromosomes of cells and other blood tests to see how they work the body organs.
3. Biopsy - A fine needle is usually inserted into the hip bone or breast, whether to remove a sample of bone or bone marrow for microscopic examination in a laboratory (bone marrow aspiration [most common]). The sample is examined by a doctor for signs of cancer cells.
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